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Pengertian Conditional Sentences
#SMKN 20
Conditional
Sentences adalah
bentuk kalimat bahasa Inggris untuk menyatakan pengandaian. Dalam bahasa Indonesia, kita sering mengucapkan kalimat
yang mana tujuannya untuk mengandaikan sesuatu hal yang telah terjadi atau akan
terjadi. Andaikan saya pulang lebih cepat, maka saya tidak akan kehujanan. Andai saya belajar lebih giat, maka
saya bisa masuk universitas yang saya inginkan. Kondisi-kondisi tersebut juga
diatur penulisannya secara khusus dalam bahasa Inggris, yang disebut dengan conditional
sentences atau kalimat pengandaian.
Ada 4 tipe conditional
sentence yang biasa digunakan, yaitu: tipe 1, tipe 2, tipe 3, dan tipe 0. Condition pada conditional
sentence tipe 1 mungkin dipenuhi, tipe 2 tidak atau hampir tidak
mungkin dipenuhi, tipe 3 tidak mungkin dipenuhi (unreal), sedangkan tipe 0
selalu terwujud karena merupakan scientific fact/kebenaran ilmiah.
Rumus Conditional Sentence Berbagai Tipe
|
Type
|
Rumus Conditional Sentence
|
|
0
|
if + simple present, simple present
|
|
1
|
if +
simple present, will + bare infinitive
|
|
2
|
if + simple past, would/could/might + bare
infinitive
|
|
3
|
if + past perfect, would/should/could/might have
+ past participle
|
Contoh Conditional Sentence
|
Type
|
Contoh Conditional Sentence
|
||||
|
0
|
If we burn
paper, it becomes ash.
(Jika kita membakar kertas, itu menjadi abu.) |
||||
|
1
|
If I meet
him, I will introduce myself.
(Jika saya bertemu dia, saya akan memperkenalkan diri.) |
||||
|
2
|
If it
rained tomorrow, I would sleep all day.
(Jika besok hujan, saya akan tidur sepanjang hari.) |
||||
|
3
|
If you had
remembered to invite me, I would have attended your party.
(Jika kamu ingat mengundang saya, saya akan hadir di pestamu.) |
|
|
|
Zero
conditional digunakan
ketika result/consequence (hasil) dari condition (syarat)
selalu terwujud karena merupakan scientific fact (kebenaran
ilmiah) atau general truth (kebenaran umum) yang merupakan habitual
activity (kebiasaan).
If I drink a cup
of coffee at night, it keeps me awake.
The machine starts
if you pull the lever on it
He gets mad if
we ask a lot of questions.
Pengertian Conditional Sentence Type 1
Conditional
sentence type 1 atau first conditional
adalah conditional sentence yang digunakan ketika
result/consequence (hasil) dari condition (syarat) memiliki kemungkinan
untuk terwujud di masa depan karena condition-nya realistik untuk
dipenuhi.
Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence Type 1
|
Kalimat
|
Contoh Kalimat conditional Sentence type 1
|
|
(+)
|
If I have
free time, I will go swimming.
(Jika saya punya waktu luang, saya akan pergi berenang.) |
|
If the
bell rings, I’ll go home.
(Jika bel berbunyi, saya akan pulang ke rumah.) |
|
|
If you
meet Andy, ask him to call me. [imperative]
(Jika kamu bertemu Andy, minta dia menghubungi saya.) |
|
|
(-)
|
If you
don’t finish your homework, your teacher will be angry.
(Jika kamu tidak menyelesaikan pekerjaan rumahmu, gurumu akan marah.) |
|
If he
doesn’t come, I won’t be angry. / Unless he comes, I won’t be angry.
(Jika kamu tidak datang, saya tidak akan marah.) |
|
|
If he
comes, I won’t be angry.
(Jika dia datang, saya tidak akan marah.) |
|
|
(?)
|
If they
invite you, will you come?
(Jika mereka mengundangmu, akankah kamu datang?) |
Pengertian Conditional Sentence Type 2
Conditional
sentence type 2 atau second
conditional adalah conditional sentence yang digunakan ketika
result/consequence (hasil) dari condition (syarat) tidak memiliki atau
hanya sedikit kemungkinan untuk terwujud karena condition-nya tidak
mungkin dipenuhi di masa sekarang (present unreal situation) atau condition-nya
sulit untuk dipenuhi di masa depan (unlikely to happen).
Were Menggantikan Was
Pada conditional
sentence type 2, were digunakan menggantikan was meskipun
subjek yang digunakan merupakan 3rd person pronoun (she, he,
it) maupun kata benda tunggal. Hal ini untuk menunjukkan bahwa pengandaiannya
benar-benar hanya berupa khayalan semata karena condition-nya tidak
mungkin dipenuhi (present unreal situation).
Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence Type 2
|
Kalimat
|
Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence type 2
|
|
(+)
|
If it
rained tomorrow, I would sleep all day.
(Jika besok hujan, saya akan tidur sepanjang hari.)
Fakta:
but I
don’t have much hope it will rain (tapi saya tidak punya cukup keyakinan
bahwa besok akan hujan)
|
|
If Nisa
studied hard, she would pass.
(Jika Nisa belajar keras, dia akan lulus.)
Fakta:
but Nisa
doesn’t study hard (tapi Nisa tidak belajar keras.)
|
|
|
If I had
much money, I would buy a sport car.
(Jika saya punya banyak uang, saya akan membeli sebuah mobil sport.)
Fakta:
but I
don’t have much money (tapi saya tidak punya banyak uang)
|
|
|
If I were
a millionaire, I would donate my money to charity.
(Jika saya seorang millionaire, saya akan mendonasikan uang saya untuk amal.)
Fakta:
but I’m
not a millionaire (tapi saya bukan seorang milioner)
|
|
|
(-)
|
If Nisa
studied hard, she wouldn’t fail.
(Jika Nisa belajar keras, dia tidak akan gagal.) |
|
If Nisa
didn’t study hard, she would fail. atau Unless Nisa studied hard, she would
fail.
(Jika Nisa tidak belajar keras, dia akan gagal.) |
|
|
If I were
a millionaire, I wouldn’t donate my money to charity.
|
|
|
(?)
|
If Nisa
studied hard, would she pass?
|
|
If you had
much money, would you buy a sport car?
|
|
|
If you
were a millionaire, would you donate my money to charity?
|
Pengertian Conditional Sentence Type 3
Conditional
sentence type 3 atau third
conditional adalah conditional sentence yang digunakan ketika
result/consequence (hasil) dari condition (syarat) tidak ada
kemungkinan terwujud karena condition-nya harus sudah dipenuhi di
masa lalu.
Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence Type 3
|
Kalimat
|
Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence type 3
|
|
(+)
|
If you had
remembered to invite me, I would have attended your party.
(Jika kamu ingat mengundang saya, saya akan hadir di pestamu.)
Fakta:
but you
didn’t remember
(tapi kamu tidak ingat) |
|
If I had
given the interviewer really good answers, I might have got a higher position
than you.
(Jika saya memberi jawaban yang benar-benar bagus ke pewawancara, saya mungkin memdapatkan posisi yang lebih tinggi dari kamu.)
Fakta:
but I
didn’t give really good answers
(tapi saya tidak memberikan jawaban yang benar-benar bagus) |
|
|
(-)
|
If the
waitress had been careful, she wouldn’t have broken many plates.
(Jika pelayan tersebut hati-hati, dia tidak akan memecahkan banyak piring.)
Fakta:
but the
waitress wasn’t careful
(tapi pelayan tersebut tidak hati-hati) |
|
(?)
|
If he had
asked you for forgiveness, would you have forgiven him?
(Jika dia meminta maaf kepadamu, akankah kamu memaafkannya?)
Fakta:
but he
didn’t ask you for forgiveness
(tapi dia tidak meminta maaf) |
Zero
conditional Exercise
1. My sister feels
uncomfortable if someone ... eye contact with her.
a. made
b. makes
c. make
Your answer:
2. They ... something unless
they have enough cash.
a. don't buy
b. aren't buy
c. isn't buy
Your answer:
3. If you dip red litmus paper
into lemon juice, it ... blue.
a. isn't turn
b. don't turn
Your answer:
4.I
have breakfast at home if I ... in a hurry.
- don't
- doesn't
- am not
Your answer:
8. If there ... no sunlight,
plants don't produce fruit.
a. is
b. are
c. am
Your answer:
10 Contoh Soal Conditional Sentence
Type 1
Ketik a atau b sesuai dengan pilihan
yang menurutmu paling tepat untuk melengkapi bagian yang kosong.
9. If a customer … chocolate ice cream
from the restaurant, he or she will get extra toppings.
a. orders
b. order
Your answer:
2. The hotel front desk clerk … you
special price room rates if you don’t ask.
a. wouldn't offer
b. won't offer
Your answer:
3. If you call Tessa, I … others.
a. will call
b. would call
Your answer:
4. If I tell the truth, … hurt?
a. will he gets
b. will he get
Your answer:
5. Unless it snows, the pavements …
slippery.
a. will not
b. will not be
Your answer:
6. If he … the book, I will borrow it
in my university library.
a. hasn't
b. doesn't have
Your answer:
7. The manager … your current income if
you can stay focused when working from home.
a. will double
b. doubles
Your answer:
8. You will make your parents sad if
you … responsible for your life.
a. don't
b. aren't
Your answer:
9. If you come to her house, she …
something delicious for you.
a. will be cooked
b. will cook
Your answer:
10. If it rains heavily, … under water?
a. will your home end up
b. will your home be ended up
Your answer
Soal Conditional Sentence Type 2
Ketik a atau b sesuai dengan pilihan
yang menurutmu paling tepat untuk melengkapi bagian yang kosong.
3.
If I … his mind, I wouldn’t let him touch my PC.
a. could read
b. would read
Your answer:
4.
If I … him, I would quit my job and start a business.
a. was
b. were
Your answer:
5.
If he were here, I … him not to enter the room without permission.
a. would advise
b. would advice
Your answer:
6.
It … appreciated if you returned the form as soon as possible.
a. would be greatly
b. would greatly
Your answer:
7.
… I rich, I would send my son to study overseas.
a. Were if
b. Were
Your answer:
f. If he studied harder, he … the best
score in his class.
a. would got
b. would get
Your answer:
g. Your parents wouldn’t be angry if
you … to them.
a. didn't lie
b. don't lie
Your answer:
h. Unless Reny got enough sleep, she …
productive.
a. wouldn't
b. wouldn't be
Your answer:
i. If I won a gold medal at the
international physics olympiad, I … admision in some universities without test.
a. could get
b. can get
Your answer:
j. If you had a sister, … clothes with
her?
a. would you share
b. you would share
Your answer:
Soal Conditional Sentence type 3
Ketik a atau b sesuai dengan pilihan
yang menurutmu paling tepat untuk melengkapi bagian yang kosong.
11. If you … an umbrella, you wouldn’t
have got wet.
f.
had took
g. had taken
Your answer:
12. If you … about personal financial
planning, you could’ve spent your money wisely.
.
had known
a. had knew
Your answer:
13. She … your calls if you had reply
her text message fast.
.
wouldn't
have been ignored
a. wouldn't have ignored
Your answer:
14. Had you treated your maid better,
she …
.
wouldn't
have ran away
a. wouldn't have run away
Your answer:
15. If he had come to ask forgiveness, …
his apologies?
.
would you
have accept
a. would you have accepted
Your answer:
6. If our friend hadn’t forgotten to
renew his visa, he …
a. wouldn't have been deported
b. wouldn't have deported
Your answer:
7. If the student … the instructions
carefully, he wouldn’t have broken an dessicator.
a. have listened and followed
b. had listened and followed
Your answer:
8. If the driver …, he wouldn’t have
crashed concrete road separators.
a. hadn't got enough sleep
b. had got enough sleep
Your answer:
9. If you … that you couldn’t handle
the pressure anymore, your parents might have helped you.
a. had told
b. have told
Your answer:
10. If you … earlier, you could have saw
the beautiful sunrise.
a. had woken up
b. had woke up
Your answer:
Soal Conditional
Sentence
Ketik a
atau b sesuai dengan pilihan yang menurutmu paling tepat untuk
melengkapi bagian yang kosong.
1. If you got a bunch of money, … it on
stupid things?
a. would you spend
b. would you have speYour answer:
2. If the student had got enough sleep,
she … difficulties in reading the material.
a. wouldn’t have faced
b. wouldn’t has faced
Your answer:
3. If I … you, I would look for my
passion to find a new career.
a. am
b. were
Your answer:
4. When he ... to sleep, he never
counts sheep leaping over fences.
a. goes
b. will go
Your answer:
5. If I advise her about travelling by
plane with children, … to me?
a. will she listen
b. she will listen
Your answer:
GOOD LUCK
WASSALAM
