QUESTION TAG

Cara Membuat Question Tag

#SMKN 20 

Assalamualaykum my beloved students....

We are going to discuss about Question Tag and I will use Bahasa Indonesia to explain it.... There we go...

Question tag adalah pertanyaan singkat di akhir kalimat/pernyataan yang digunakan untuk meminta persetujuan dari lawan bicara Anda atau mengonfirmasi benar tidaknya pernyataan Anda tersebut. Dalam bahasa Indonesia, question tag bisa diartikan kan?/bukan?/ya?/ yuk?.
Question tag hanya terdiri dari kata kerja bantu (auxiliary verb) dan subjek pronoun (I, you, she, he, it, they, dan we). Di bawah ini adalah beberapa ketentuan dalam membuat question tag.

1. Jika kalimatnya positif, maka question tag-nya negatif.
Contoh:

• You are beautiful, aren’t you? [Kamu cantik, kan?]
• She is serious, isn’t she? [Dia serius, bukan?]

Catatan:  Jika question tag-nya negatif, maka not harus disingkat (misal aren’t you? bukan are not you?).
2. Jika kalimatnya negatif, maka question tag-nya positif.
Contoh:

• You are not beautiful, are you? [Kamu tidak cantik, kan?]
• She is not serious, is she? [Dia tidak serius, bukan?]

3. Jika subjeknya I am, maka question tag-nya aren’t I. Namun, bila subjeknya I am not, maka question tag-nya am I.
Contoh:

• I am smart, aren’t I? [Saya pintar, kan?]
• I am not guilty, am I? [Saya tidak bersalah, kan?]

4.  Jika kalimatnya menggunakan kata kerja (verb), maka gunakan do/does untuk Verb 1 dan did untuk Verb 2 dalam membuat question tag-nya.
Contoh:

• You stay in Bandung, don’t you? [Anda tinggal di Bandung, kan?]
• Hendra writes an aricle, doesn’t he? [Hendra menulis sebuah artikel, kan?]
• She played tennis, didn’t she? [Dia bermain tennis, kan?]

5. Jika kalimatnya menggunakan modals, maka gunakan modals untuk question tag-nya. Khusus untuk modals have to, gunakan kata bantu do untuk question tag-nya.
Contoh:

• Sumanto can’t play piano, can he? [Sumanto tidak bisa bermain piano, kan?]
• Ayu will be here, won’t she? [Ayu akan ke sini, kan?]
• They have to go to school, don’t they? [Mereka harus pergi ke sekolah, kan?]

6.  Jika kalimatnya mengandung sebuah kata dengan arti negatif, seperti nobody, no one, seldom, nothing, hardly, barely, rarely, maka gunakan question tag positif.
Contoh:

• No one cares of me, do they? [Tak ada seorang pun yang peduli pada saya, kan?]
• She never seems to care, does she? [Dia tak pernah nampak peduli, kan?]
• Rudi seldom does his homework, does he? [ Rudi jarang mengerjakan PR-nya, kan?]
• Nobody lived in this house, did they? [ Tidak ada seorang pun yang tinggal di rumah ini, kan?]

7. Jika subjeknya everyone, everybody, someone, somebody, no one dan nobody, maka gunakan they dalam question tag.
Contoh:

• Somebody played the guitar last night, didn’t they? [Seseorang bermain gitar tadi malam, kan?]
• Everybody watched the movie, didn’t they? [Setiap orang menonton film itu, kan?]

8.  Jika subjeknya everything, something, dan nothing, maka gunakan it dalam question tag.
Contoh:

• Everything should be ready, shouldn’t it? [Semua seharusnya sudah siap, kan?]
• Something is moving, isn’t it? [Sesuatu bergerak, kan?]

9. Jika kalimatnya berupa perintah atau larangan, gunakan will you untuk question tag-nya.
Contoh:

• Close the door, will you? [Tutup pintu, ya?]
• Don’t be lazy, will you? [Jangan malas, ya?]
• Don’t make me upset, will you? [Jangan membuat saya bingung, ya?]

10. Jika kalimatnya dimulai dengan let’s, maka question tag-nya adalah shall we.
Contoh:

• Let’s wash the car, shall we? [Mencuci mobil, yuk?]
• Let’s go to the beach, shall we? [Pergi ke pantai, yuk?]
• Let’s forget it, shall we? [Lupakan itu, yuk?]

OTHER EXPLANATION

1. POSITIVE STATEMENT-NEGATIVE TAG

Pernyataan positif (positive statement) diikuti oleh tag  negatif (negative tag). Kita lihat penjelasan berikut:

NO	POSITIVE STATEMENT (+)	NEGATIVE TAG (-)
1	You are writing	aren't you?
2	We have learned	haven't we?
3	They will go to school	won't they?
4	I can do it	can't I?
5	You should study	shouldn't you?
6	She must go	mustn't she?
7	He plays guitar	doesn't he?
8	You study English	don't you?
9	You played football	didn't you?

Perhatian:

» Untuk no 1 – 6, kita mengulang auxiliary yang diubah kedalam bentuk negatif.
1. Are → aren’t
2. Have → haven’t
3. Will → won’t
4. Can → can’t
5. Should → shouldn’t
6. Must → mustn’t

» Untuk no 7, 8, 9, apabila kita tidak menemukan auxiliary dalam pernyataan tersebut, INGAT bahwa auxiliary untuk simple present adalah “do/does” dan auxiliary untuk simple past adalah “did”.

7. Plays → doesn’t (simple present) (I, you, we they mengunakan “do”, he, she, it menggunakan “does”)
8. Study → don’t (simple present) (I, you, we they mengunakan “do”, he, she, it menggunakan “does”)
9. Played → didn’t (simple past) (I, you, we, they, he, she, it menggunakan “did”)

2. NEGATIVE STATEMENT-POSITIVE TAG

Pernyataan negatif (negative statement) diikuti oleh tag positif (positive tag). Kita lihat penjelasan berikut:

NO	NEGATIVE STATEMENT (-)	POSITIVE TAG (+)
1	You aren't coming	are you?
2	We haven't read it	have we?
3	They won't go to school	will they?
4	I can't drive	can I?
5	You shouldn't go	should you?
6	She mustn't sleep	must she?
7	She doesn't write a letter	does she?
8	You don't speak Japanese	do you?
9	You didn't arrive yesterday	did you?

Perhatian:

» Untuk no 1 – 9, kita mengulang auxiliary yang diubah kedalam bentuk positif.
1. Aren’t → are
2. Haven’t → have
3. Won’t → will
4. Can’t → can
5. Shouldn’t → should
6. Mustn’t → must
7. Doesn’t → does
8. Don’t → do
9. Didn’t → did

3.SPECIAL CASES

Beberapa ketentuan khusus (special cases) dalam penggunaan question tag, diantaranya:

a. Negative words (kata negatif)

Beberapa kata berikut terlihat seperti pernyataan positif. Tetapi sesungguhnya kata-kata berikut memiliki arti/makna negatif. Kata-kata tersebut memiliki arti tidak pernah, jarang, hampir tidak, tak seorangpun. Beberapa kata tersebut, diantaranya:

– Never
– Seldom
– Hardly
– Rarely
– Barely
– Scarcely
– Nothing
– Nobody/No one

Apabila suatu pernyataan menggunakan salah satu dari kata tersebut, maka pernyataan tersebut merupakan pernyataan negatif (negative statement). Oleh sebab itu, kita menggunakan tag positif (positive tag). Lihat contoh berikut:

NEGATIVE STATEMENT (-)	POSITIVE TAG (+)	ARTI
You never come to this place	do you?	Kamu tidak pernah datang ke tempat ini, kan?
We seldom washed the shoes	did we?	Kita jarang mencuci sepatu, iya kan?
You barely ever meet me	do you?	Kamu hampir tidak pernah bertemu aku, kan?
Nobody calls me	do they?*	Tak seorangpun menghubungi saya, kan?
Nothing came to this inbox	did it?**	Tak ada satupun yang masuk ke inbox, ya kan?

*Jika subjeknya nobody, no one, somebody, someone, everyone, maka menggunakan tag ‘they‘.

**Jika subjeknya nothing dan everything, maka menggunakan tag ‘it‘.

b. Imperative (kalimat perintah) menggunakan tag “will you?”
– Close the door, will you?
– Turn off the lamp, will you?
– Sit down, will you?
– Don’t come late, will you?
– Open the window, will you?
c. “I am” menggunakan tag “aren’t I?”
1. I am wrong, aren’t I?
2. I am sad, aren’t I?
3. I am clever, aren’t I?
d. “Have” menggunakan tag:
– “Have” bisa digunakan sebagai auxiliary, contohnya:
• We have visited Bandung Zoo, haven’t we? (Kita telah mengunjungi Bandung Zoo, kan?)
• You have finished, haven’t you? (Kamu sudah selesai, kan?)
– “Have” bisa digunakan sebagai verb (kata kerja), contohnya:
• She has a doll, doesn’t she? (Dia mempunyai boneka, ya kan?)
——- Ingat dalam kalimat tersebut sebenarnya: She (does) has a doll. Jadi question tagnya adalah: doesn’t, she?
• Thet have new car, don’t they? (Mereka mempunyai mobil baru, ya kan?)
——- Ingat dalam kalimat tersebut sebenarnya: They (do) have new car. Jadi question tagnya adalah: don’t, they?

 
 Let's do the exercises below

1. She is collecting stickers, ?
2. We often watch TV in the afternoon, ?
3. You have cleaned your bike, ?
4. John and Max don't like maths, ?
5. Peter played handball yesterday, ?
6. They are going home from school, ?
7. Mary didn't do her homework last Monday, ?
8. He could have bought a new car, ? 
9. Kevin will come tonight, ?
10. I'm clever, ? 

COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES
1) She's from a small town in China, ? [ . ] 2) They aren't on their way already, ? [ . ] 3) We're late again, ? [ . ] 4) I'm not the person with the tickets, ? [ . ] 5) Julie isn't an accountant, ? [ . ] 6) The weather is really bad today, ? [ . ] 7) He's very handsome, ? [ . ] 8) They aren't in Mumbai at the moment, ?
9) You aren't from Brazil, ? [ . ] 10) John's a very good student, ? [ . ] 11) I like chocolate very much, ? [ . ] 12) She doesn't work in a hotel, ? [ . ] 13) They need some new clothes, ? [ . ] 14) We live in a tiny flat, ? [ . ] 15) She studies very hard every night, ? [ . ] 16) David and Julie don't take Chinese classes, ? [ . ] 17) I often come home late, ? [ . ] 18) You don't like spicy food, ? [ . ]
19) She doesn't cook very often, ? [ . ] 20) We don't watch much TV, ? [ . ]
GOOD LUCK	WASSALAM